Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR)

The Effort Sharing Regulation (ESR)¹ sets binding greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets for each EU Member State for 2030 in sectors not covered by the EU Emissions Trading System². These sectors include domestic transport (excluding aviation), buildings, agriculture, small industry, and waste, which together account for around 60% of total EU greenhouse gas emissions. 
The ESR establishes a collective EU target of a 40% reduction in emissions by 2030 compared to 2005 levels, with differentiated domestic targets³ reflecting EU Member States’ economic capacity and mitigation potential, in line with principles of fairness and cost-effectiveness.

While the EU provides the common framework through annual emission limits, responsibility for implementation lies with EU Member States, which design and deliver measures through their NECPs.